Horizontal drilling introduces the basic concepts and principles of horizontal well drilling. Perhaps the most interesting type is horizontal directional drilling because it was the first type, and perhaps the most controversial. Horizontal directional drilling plan february 29, 2012. Horizontal directional drilling hdd is a method of installing underground pipelines, cables and service conduit through trenchless methods. Last updated on tue, 09 apr 2019 horizontal directional. A comparative analysis of horizontal directional drilling. Pdf introduction to directional and horizontal drilling jim short. This process of pulling flycutters or hole opening tools toward the drill rig. As such this procedure looks at the risks posed in the various stages of the process and industry best practise to manage them to an acceptable level.
The tooling to be used during the reaming process as well as the actual number of ream passes, will be determined upon successful completion of the pilot hole. Chesapeake energy horizontal drilling method emmanuel awona. Horizontal directional drilling is also commonly referred to as a trenchless technology practice. The course provides complete and clear explanations of why horizontal wells are drilledfrom their use in connecting vertical fracture systems for increasing productivity to. However, drilling at an angle other than vertical can obtain information, hit targets, and stimulate reservoirs in ways that cannot be achieved with a vertical well. Directional drilling most often refers to drilling at nonvertical angles, including horizontally. This video, created by the american petroleum institute, effectively demonstrates the process of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. The horizontal directional drilling process the tools and techniques used in the horizontal directional drilling hdd process are an outgrowth of the oil well drilling industry. Using this method, the surface of landscape remains intact, including beautification features, roadway, building and constructions. Horizontal drilling drilling fundamentals courses petroed.
Horizontal drilling is a commonly used technology because drilling at an angle other than vertically can stimulate reservoirs and obtain information that cannot be done by drilling vertically. The hdd process horizontal directional drilling netwas. A thorough understanding of the drilling process and the technologies involved is. It involves the use of a directional drilling machine, and associated attachments, to accurately drill along the chosen bore path and back ream the required pipe. Roussy had worked to improve and perfect the technology over more than 20 years from original designs, which modified oscillators for drilling. It works with a bend near the bit with the help of steerable mud motor.
This preliminary plan is intended to demonstrate pilgrims commitment. This process increases the total productivity in the extraction of oils and gases than vertical drilling. Stage 4 of the horizontal directional drilling process. Horizontal directional drilling process andiniputridl. Drill pipe and downhole tools are generally interchangeable and drilling fluid is used throughout the operation to transport drilled spoil, reduce friction, stabilize the. Therefore, horizontal drilling, which is done intentionally in a horizontal direction in the earths depth, allows engineers to extract the energy sources from underground that are present in the horizontal layer. Focus on fracking diverts attention from horizontal drilling. The components of a horizontal drilling rig used for pipeline construction are similar to those of an oil well drilling rig with the major exception being. Pdf introduction to directional and horizontal drilling.
Horizontal drilling is a form of directional drilling. Horizontal drilling can increase the contact between the reservoir and the wellbore. Hdd may be used when an underground utility crosses under a roadway, river or stream, or other environmentally sensitive area. If the bore passes closely by a utility, it may be necessary to continuously monitor the. Throughout the drilling process, the tunnel is kept open and lubricated by circulating a watery mudslurry mixture, typically composed of about 95 percent water. Focus on fracking diverts attention from horizontal drilling hydraulic fracturing gets the spotlight, but without another technology horizontal drilling natural gas drilling booms across. A drilling technique in which a well is bored at multiple angles.
The interest in drilling horizontal wells can be attributed to the following major reasons. Development of a standard specification for horizontal. The directional drilling rig then begins the pullback operation, rotating and pulling on the drill string as well as circulating drilling fluids. Communication is a critical ingredient of any successful horizontal directional drilling project. Drilling engineering a distributed learning course forward the drilling engineering workbook is a correspondence distributed learning course which covers the important elements of drilling a well. Post drilling toolpush logging helps quantify production potential of the horizontal well and assess level of success.
Table 11 horizontal directional drilling tolerances. Today, hdd is a recognized and often preferred method for installing all types of underground utilities such as. Horizontal drilling is the process of drilling a well from the surface to a subsurface location just above the target oil or gas reservoir called the kickoff point, then. One source reported that the number of units in use increased by more than a hundredfold in the decade following 1984. Postdrilling toolpush logging helps quantify production potential of the horizontal well and assess level of success. Horizontal drilling independent oil and gas association. Horizontal directional drilling, or hdd, is an infrastructure construction process that is often deployed when installing underground utility lines such as pipelines, electric transmission lines, cable.
Drilling and completion of horizontal wells 2 introduction horizontal drilling is the process of steering a drill bit to follow horizontal path oriented approximately 90 from vertical through the reservoir rock. Usually employed where the hdd process will risk damage to the carrier pipe due to the friction. The process begins by drilling to the bottom of a fresh water aquifer. Horizontal drilling is the process of drilling straight down into the earth, usually for locating water, oil, natural gas, information or other subsurface objectives. Expectations for horizontal drilling in the future. Faqs for horizontal directional drilling empire hdd. Hydraulically fractured horizontal wells account for most. Specialized construction for large waterways and sensitive.
The emphasis is on the theory behind these drilling elements in order to develop a greater understanding of the principles involved in drilling a. Horizontal drilling is simply a drilling process which allows you to drill at different angles. Get directional drilling instruction with this animated informational video from the global leader in underground construction. Horizontal directional drilling and boring 02415 2 b. Drill pipe and downhole tools are used to advance the borehole while drilling fluid is used to cool and lubricate the bit, stabilize the borehole, and carry cuttings formation material to the surface fig. Horizontal directional drilling hdd method is a way to lay various underground communications by the trenchless technology. Horizontal drilling an overview sciencedirect topics. Directional drilling procedure utilities infrastructure uinz.
Most horizontal wells begin at the surface as a vertical well. Stage 4 of the horizontal directional drilling process installation of conduits. Contractors, consultants, municipalities and decision ma. Directional drilling hdd, have played a critical role in executing this project by. The components of a horizontal drilling rig used for pipeline construction are similar to those of an oil well drilling rig with. Basics of horizontal directional drilling during the past six years, horizontal directional drilling hdd has revolutionized the underground utility installation industry. This plan must also include a detailed description as to contingencies for potential fissures of drilling fluid. Because they are longer, and the drilling process is more complex, a horizontal well is generally more expensive to drill than a vertical well, but it is expected to produce more crude oil and natural gas. The drill is then retracted and pulls the loose rocks and sediment to the surface to be discarded i. Horizontal drilling by lynn helms explanation horizontal drilling is the process of drilling a well from the surface to a subsurface location just above the target oil or gas reservoir called the kickoff point, then deviating the well bore from the vertical plane around a curve to intersect. Done together, horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing can make a productive well where a vertical well would have produced only a small amount of gas. The management, drilling and engineering personnel possess, on.
The components of a horizontal drilling rig used for pipeline construction are similar to those. Introduction to directional and horizontal drilling jim short. Pdf a glimpse of horizontal directional drilling productivity factors. The basic components of a horizontal directional drilling system include. The process involves drilling a well vertically to a certain depth and then bending the path of the drilling until it extends horizontally. Briefly, the hdd process begins with boring a small, horizontal hole pilot hole under the crossing obstacle e. The horizontal directional drilling hdd industry has experienced so much growth in the past two decades that hdd has become commonplace as a method of installation. The horizontal directional drilling process mafiadoc. Appendix d best management practices plan for horizontal.
Horizontal directional drilling hdd has become one of the fastestgrowing trenchless technology. It focused attention on the somewhat new drilling procedure. Horizontal directional drilling specialized construction for large waterways and sensitive areas what is horizontal directional drilling. Horizontal directional drilling hdd wells utilize open hole technologymeaning that drilling fluid is required to hold the borehole open during drilling and construction. The benefits are very clear, while the horizontal directional drilling technique. Norseman directional drilling safe work practice copy. It is a specialist technique designed to install pipelines under construction sites, rivers, roads and highways, railway lines and across farm land. Horizontal drilling trenchless technology rescue rod. This preliminary best management practices plan for horizontal direction drilling hdd has been prepared to support pilgrim permit applications for the project in the state of new york. Horizontal directional drilling hdd is a construction technique whereby a tunnel is drilled under a waterway or other designated area, and a. Horizontal directional drilling hdd was pioneered in the united states for an innovative road boring contractor who successfully completed a 183 m river crossing using a modified rod pushing a.
The trenchless technique horizontal directional drilling. Exceptional expertise usr drilling services is the oil and gas industrys sole and exclusive service provider of ultra short radius drilling usrd and completion technologies. The hdd equipment arrives on site aboard multiple trucks. While the drilling process in the depth is carried in a horizontal. Chapter 12 horizontal directional drilling plastics pipe institute. Chesapeake energy horizontal drilling method youtube. For example, a well might be metres in depth but have numerous lateral wells connected to it.
Horizontal directional drilling hdd is a basic trenchless technology that involves drilling into the earth to create a horizontal bore under the surface along a planned pathway through which pipes and conduits may pass. Pdf oil well rig and directional drilling technology. The pullback continues until the reamer exits the bore path by the directional drill rig and the pipeline is in place. This procedure is intended for use by the directional drilling crew and project managers. Extended reach drilling erd is categorised by ever longer wellbores drilled from the rig. Appendix c hdd construction plan hdd contingency plan.
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